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全要素生产率分析是建立在“斯密教条”和萨伊“三位一体公式”基础之上的。由于全要素生产率是产出增长率扣除各要素投入的增长率后的余值,所以对要素的有效分解和增长贡献的精确度量就成为全要素生产率分析的前提。要素价值论自身的混乱和遮蔽价值来源的本质,使全要素生产率理论在应用上遭遇诸如价值源泉的错设使要素分解无法真实反映要素的增长贡献、资本和技术的不可分析性使要素贡献无法被有效分解以及“劳动要素化”分析使其无法真实反映增长的动力等现实困境。资本、劳动、技术等要素的内在关联性和彼此间的共线性使建立其上的全要素生产率的度量充满了含混和不确定性。转变经济发展方式和培育增长的新动能的政策设计不能完全以全要素生产率为依据和目标,而应在生产力和生产关系辩证统一的框架下,既要激励生产力层面的因素又要激励生产关系层面的因素,以提高全社会的劳动生产力,进而塑造以人民为中心的发展机制。
The analysis of total factor productivity is based on the Smythian doctrine and Say’s Trinity formula. Since total factor productivity is the residual value after the output growth rate deducts the growth rate of each factor investment, the accurate measurement of the contribution of the factor’s effective decomposition and growth becomes the premise of total factor productivity analysis. The chaos of element value theory and the nature of shadowing value sources make the application of total factor productivity theory misunderstood such as value source so that factor decomposition can not truly reflect the contribution of growth of elements and the inefficiency of capital and technology makes the contribution of elements impossible Effectively decomposed and “labor-oriented” analysis make it impossible to truly reflect the real dilemma of growth momentum. The intrinsic linkages between capital, labor, technology and other factors and the collinearity between them make the measurement of total factor productivity on them full of mixed uncertainty. The policy design of changing the mode of economic development and fostering the new kinetic energy of growth can not be completely based on total factor productivity. Instead, it should stimulate both the productivity and the production relations under the framework of the dialectical unity of the productive forces and the relations of production. In order to raise the labor productivity of the entire society and to shape a people-centered development mechanism.