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目的了解盐都区近40年霍乱流行的病原学特征与分布。方法对江苏省盐城市盐都区1964~2007年的霍乱监测资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果1964~2007年,江苏省盐城市盐都区共检出霍乱弧菌2349株,进入90年代以后,霍乱弧菌的检出数急剧下降;80年代以前,霍乱弧菌的分布以小川血清型为主,80年代以后,优势菌株转为稻叶型;人体中分离的霍乱弧菌以流行株居多,而水源及其他外环境中分离的霍乱弧菌以非流行株居多。结论虽然盐城市盐都区近几年霍乱弧菌的检出数显著下降,但由于霍乱弧菌的变异及O139群的出现,霍乱疫情的防治仍是当地的重要公共卫生问题。
Objective To understand the etiological characteristics and distribution of cholera epidemic in the past 40 years in Yandu district. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of cholera surveillance data from 1964 to 2007 in Yandu District, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province was performed. Results From 1964 to 2007, a total of 2349 strains of Vibrio cholera were detected in Yandu district of Yancheng city of Jiangsu province. After the 1990s, the number of Vibrio cholerae sharply decreased. Before the 1980s, the distribution of Vibrio cholerae was Ogawa serotype The predominant strains were transformed into rice leaf type after 1980’s. Vibrio cholerae isolated from humans were mostly epidemic strains, but Vibrio cholerae isolated from water sources and other external environments were mostly non-epidemic strains. Conclusions Although the detection number of Vibrio cholerae decreased significantly in Yandu District, Yancheng City in recent years, the prevention and treatment of cholera epidemic is still an important public health problem in our country due to the variation of Vibrio cholerae and O139 population.