И.И.伊凡诺夫-欧姆斯基的“历史唯物主义论地理环境在社会发展中的作用”一书,论述了一些在理论上很重要而在政治上又具有现实意义的论题。人类社会与其周围地理环境之间的相互关系问题,在近百年来已引起了科学家的注意。这个问题对于地理学、生物学、历史学和哲学等类科学的实际意义是无庸置疑的。同时,在资产阶级社会学中,曾利用对这个问题的某种解释来论证和辩护剥削阶级的政策。关于地理环境的作用问题,只有在马克思列宁主义经典著作中才获得了正确的、科学的解答。斯大林指出:“地理环境当然是社会发展底经常必要的条件之 Ivanov-Ohmski’s ”Historical Materialism on the Role of Geographical Environment in Social Development,“ a book that addresses some theoretically important and politically realistic topics . The issue of the interrelationship between human society and its surrounding geography has drawn the attention of scientists for nearly a century. This question has no doubt about the practical significance of such sciences as geography, biology, history and philosophy. At the same time, in bourgeois sociology, some explanation of this issue has been used to justify and defend the exploiting classes’ policies. As for the role of the geographical environment, correct and scientific answers have only been obtained in the classic Marxist-Leninist writings. Stalin pointed out: ”The geographical environment is of course often the necessary condition for social development