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目的:验证纳洛酮治疗颅脑外伤的量-效关系,结合文献探讨其发生机制和临床意义。方法:120例外伤性颅内血肿的病人随机分为纳洛酮治疗组(90例)和对照组(30例),观察和记录患者格拉斯哥(GCS)评分的动态变化、颅内血肿的吸收时间、水肿指数及脱水药物使用时间等指标。结果:纳洛酮治疗组的病人治疗后第3天开始各剂量组的GCS评分即明显高于对照组,水肿指数则明显低于对照组(P<0.05),脱水药物的使用时间及颅内血肿的吸收时间与对照组相比差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:纳洛酮能有效地改善外伤性颅内血肿患者的意识状况,减轻脑水肿的发生和发展。较合理的给药剂量约为4mg/d,连续用药1～2周。
OBJECTIVE: To verify the dose-response relationship of naloxone in the treatment of craniocerebral trauma and to explore its mechanism and clinical significance in combination with the literature. Methods: One hundred and twenty cases of traumatic intracranial hematoma were randomly divided into naloxone treatment group (n = 90) and control group (n = 30). The changes of Glasgow score (GCS), the absorption time of intracranial hematoma , Edema index and dehydration drug use time and other indicators. Results: On the 3rd day after treatment, the GCS score of each dose group of naloxone treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the edema index was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). The time of dehydration and intracranial Hematoma absorption time compared with the control group no significant difference (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Naloxone can effectively improve the consciousness of patients with traumatic intracranial hematoma and reduce the occurrence and development of cerebral edema. A more reasonable dose of about 4mg / d, continuous medication for 1 to 2 weeks.