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通过SUS304亚稳态奥氏体不锈钢的电塑性拉伸实验,分析了焦耳热效应和纯电塑性效应对SUS304不锈钢拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,脉冲电流可以有效降低材料的流动应力。焦耳热效应使材料的延伸率随电流密度的增大而减小;纯电塑性效应使材料的延伸率增加。当消除焦耳热效应时,电流密度为2.95A·mm-2的试样延伸率达到72.4%,比室温时增加了23.3%。基于拉伸过程中的能量关系推导出电塑性效应系数的求解公式,发现电塑性效应系数与电流密度、应变以及试样尺寸等因素有关,电流密度越大,电塑性效应系数越大。
Through the electro-plastic tensile test of SUS304 metastable austenitic stainless steel, the influence of Joule heating effect and pure electric plasticity on the tensile properties of SUS304 stainless steel was analyzed. The results show that the pulse current can effectively reduce the material flow stress. The Joule heating effect makes the elongation of the material decrease with the increase of the current density. The pure electric and plastic effect increases the elongation of the material. When the Joule heating effect was eliminated, the sample with current density of 2.95A · mm-2 reached 72.4% elongation, an increase of 23.3% from room temperature. Based on the energy relation in the process of drawing, the formula for calculating the coefficient of electro-plastic effect is deduced. It is found that the coefficient of electro-plastic effect is related to the current density, strain and sample size. The larger the current density is, the larger the coefficient of electro-plastic effect is.