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为研究建筑围护结构内部设计风荷载的合理取值方法,对4种不同开洞工况下的典型建筑进行了风洞试验。分析了建筑屋盖和纵墙内表面风压峰值因子和极值内压的分布,并与GB 50009-2012《建筑结构荷载规范》设计方法的计算结果进行了比较。在此基础上,提出了改进的极值内压计算方法,并给出了相应的关键设计参数取值。研究结果表明:采用规范方法可得到沿高度变化的极值内压,而试验中测得的极值内压具有均匀分布的特点;现行规范设计方法中由于忽略了风荷载的非高斯特性从而低估内压的峰值因子;在全封闭工况下,采用规范方法计算高估了内压脉动响应,从而使设计内压值偏大;而对于单一开洞工况,即使将峰值因子提高到3.5,采用规范方法计算仍会低估纵墙较低区域的极值内压。
In order to study the reasonable value of the design wind loads inside the building envelope, wind tunnel tests were carried out on four typical buildings with different opening conditions. The distribution of the peak pressure and the internal pressure of the roof of the building and the inner wall of the longitudinal wall are analyzed and compared with the calculation results of the design method of GB 50009-2012 “Load Structure of Building Structure”. On this basis, the improved calculation method of extreme pressure is put forward and the corresponding key design parameters are given. The results show that the extreme pressure internal pressure can be obtained along the height by the standard method, and the extreme internal pressure measured in the experiment has the characteristic of uniform distribution. The current standard design method underestimates the non-Gaussian characteristic of the wind load In the fully closed condition, the internal pressure pulsation response is overestimated by the standard method, so that the design internal pressure value is too large. For the single opening condition, even if the peak factor is increased to 3.5, Using the standard method of calculation will still underestimate the pressure inside the lower wall of the extreme value.