给文学下一确定的定义几乎是件不可能实现的事,因为我们每个开始面对这一问题的人,总是同时面对一个和以往大不相同的文学状况。因此,文学的概念通常包含在它的历史的各种展开形式之中。文学的实质,看来只有从它的运动过程和思想背景这双重的时空量度下才能被部分地揭示或描述出来,而绝不可能通过不变的思维准则予以必然性的推导。在某种程度上,文学往往是在与它全然无干的事物的关系中得到新的描绘,进而是在与它很陌生的概念组合中得到崭新的规定性。循着这一基本想法,人们也许就可以在文学问题之外的广袤世界里不断地作一些 It is almost impossible to achieve a definitive definition of literature because every one of us who is beginning to face this problem always faces a situation of literature that is quite different from the past. Therefore, the concept of literature is often included in various forms of its history. It seems that the essence of literature can only be partially revealed or described from the dual temporal and spatial measurements of its movement process and ideological background, and it can never be deduced from the inevitability of invariant thinking criteria. To some extent, literature is often characterized by a new depiction of its relationship to its total absence of things, and thus of a new set of concepts that are unfamiliar to it. Following this basic idea, one may be able to continually do something in the vast world beyond literary issues