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针对我国小麦品质要求不断提高的育种和生产需求,以临丰3号为母本,临优145为父本,采用系谱远缘杂交育种法,通过异地鉴定、生态选择、分子标记辅助选择育种等手段选育而成小麦新品种晋麦97号。试验鉴定结果表明:该品种含有7个抗旱节水相关基因和10个与水分高效利用紧密连锁的标记。2013年、2014年在山西省南部旱地区域试验中,2年区试平均产量4 546.5 kg/hm2;比对照品种晋麦47号增产9.2%,株高75 cm左右,穗长7 cm左右,千粒重41 g,生育期236~240 d,粗蛋白18.09%、湿面筋37.9%、Zeleny沉淀值43.0 m L,抗旱性好品质优。由此可知,品种晋麦97号适宜山西省南部和陕西省渭北旱塬等黄淮旱地麦区引种种植。本研究解析了晋麦97号育种策略,对黄淮旱地小麦育种未来发展方向进行了深入思考,为培育突破性旱地小麦新品种提供有益信息。
In order to meet the increasing demand for wheat breeding and production in China, Linfeng No.3 as the female parent and Linyou 145 as the male parent, using pedigree distant hybridization breeding method, through remote identification, ecological selection and molecular marker-assisted breeding selection Means of breeding and breeding of new varieties of wheat Jinmai 97. The results of the test showed that the strain contains seven drought-resistant and water-saving related genes and ten markers closely linked with the efficient use of water. The average yield of 4 546.5 kg / hm2 in the two-year regional trial in 2013 and 2014 in the dry land experiment in the southern Shanxi Province was 9.24% higher than that of Jinmai 47, the plant height was about 75 cm, the spike length was about 7 cm, 41 g, growth period of 236 ~ 240 d, crude protein 18.09%, wet gluten 37.9%, Zeleny sedimentation value 43.0 m L, good drought resistance and good quality. It can be seen that the variety Jinmai 97 is suitable for planting in the southern part of Shanxi Province and Weibei dry land in Shaanxi Province. In this study, the breeding strategy of Jinmai 97 was analyzed, and the future development of wheat breeding in dryland of Huanghuai region was further pondered, providing useful information for breed new dryland wheat.