麻疹是一种常见的病毒性急性呼吸道传染病,主要发生于冬春季,多见于儿童。但是自从国内对易感儿普遍接种麻疹减毒活疫苗(简称麻疹疫苗)后,最近几年来,青少年和成人患者逐渐有所增加。麻疹为周期性流行的传染病,应用麻疹疫苗以前,呈隔年一次流行,广泛接种麻疹疫苗后,削平了流行高峰,打破了隔年流行的规律,流行季节向春季推移。 Measles is a common viral acute respiratory disease that occurs mainly in winter and spring and is more common in children. However, adolescents and adults have been gradually increasing in recent years since the measles vaccine has been universally administered to susceptible children in China. Measles is a cyclopathic epidemic. Before the measles vaccine was used, it was prevalent every year. After the measles vaccine was widely spread, the epidemic peak was flattened, breaking the epidemic pattern of the next year and the epidemic season moving toward the spring.