It was unsatisfactory to use bridging material to repair nerve defect longer than 1.0 cm. This experiment used autogenous vein to bridge rabbit tibia nerve with 4.0 cm defect. The nerve regeneration did not occur two months after the operation. But when using autogenous vein bridging implanted with Schwann cell homogenate, the electrophysiology, histology, transmission electron microscopy, etc. indicated that the nerve regeneration did occur. This result showed that the length of reparation of nerve defect using non-nerve graft might be increased.