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目的了解和掌握上虞市人群碘营养现况,指导居民科学补碘,优化上虞市人群碘营养状况。方法采取横断面调查,分层整群抽样法在3个调查点各抽取100户家庭300人以上居民,进行全家生活问卷和体检调查,B超法检查甲状腺,国家碘缺乏病参照实验室推荐方法测定水碘,硫代硫酸钠直接滴定法测定盐碘,砷铈催化分光光度测定方法测定尿碘,化学发光免疫法测定甲状腺功能激素。结果共调查294户,甲状腺B超检查1 124人,检出甲状腺肿大11例,甲状腺肿大率为0.98%;甲状腺结节162例,甲状腺结节发现率为14.41%。检查发现异常者202人作甲状腺功能激素检测,检出激素异常67人,甲状腺功能激素异常率为33.17%。检测尿样909份,尿碘中位数为152μg/L,尿碘频数分布﹤100μg/L的占24.28%,≥100μg/L的占75.72%。检测盐样96份,盐碘中位数为32.23 mg/kg,合格碘盐食用率为95%。检测水样16份,水碘中位数为3.75(2.28~5.21)μg/L。结论目前上虞市城乡人群碘营养虽然处于适宜水平,但外环境缺碘难以改变,人体内外环境缺碘依然存在,碘盐作为甲状腺结节的病因尚缺乏依据,合格碘盐供应必须继续。
Objective To understand and grasp the current situation of iodine nutrition of Shangyu population, guide residents to make scientific iodization and optimize the iodine nutrition status of Shangyu population. Methods A cross-sectional survey and stratified cluster sampling method were used to survey 100 residents of 300 families in three survey sites to investigate the whole family life questionnaire and physical examination, B-ultrasonography to check the thyroid gland, and national iodine deficiency disorders reference laboratory recommendation method Determination of iodine by direct titration with sodium thiosulfate, determination of urinary iodine by catalytic spectrophotometric determination of arsenic and cerium, and thyroid gonadotropin by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Results A total of 294 families were surveyed. Among them, 1 124 were diagnosed by thyroid ultrasonography. Eleven cases with goiter were found. The rate of goiter was 0.98%. There were 162 cases of thyroid nodules and 14.41% of thyroid nodules. 202 were found to be abnormal detection of thyroid hormone test, detection of abnormal hormone 67 people, abnormal thyroid function hormone was 33.17%. 909 urine samples were tested, the urinary iodine median was 152μg / L, the frequency of urinary iodine was less than 100μg / L, accounting for 24.28%, and the proportion of ≥100μg / L was 75.72%. Salt samples 96, salt iodine median 32.23 mg / kg, qualified iodized salt consumption was 95%. Sixteen water samples were tested, and the median water iodine was 3.75 (2.28-5.21) μg / L. Conclusions Although iodine nutrition of urban and rural population in Shangyu City is at an appropriate level, iodine deficiency in external environment is difficult to change and iodine deficiency still exists as the cause of thyroid nodules. The supply of qualified iodized salt must continue.