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目的了解某市吸毒人群艾滋病病毒感染率及流行特征,探讨制定HIV感染的防控措施。方法选择某市2009年-2011年所有在押人员2141人作为调查对象,进行人群特征、吸毒行为与HIV感染的病例对照研究。结果调查对象HIV感染率为0.93%,其中吸毒人员HIV感染率为3.81%。吸毒与HIV感染率的关系在不同民族中表现不同,少数民族中吸毒者HIV感染率高于不吸毒者(χ2=6.56,P=0.01),汉族中两组差异则无统计学意义;吸毒者感染HIV的风险是非吸毒者的3.68倍。男、女性HIV感染率差异无统计学意义。少数民族感染HIV的风险是汉族的4.51倍。结论在少数民族中加强共用针具危害性大的健康宣教,同时,在吸毒人群中开展针具交换和推广使用安全套等措施,是降低某市HIV感染率的重要举措。
Objective To understand the HIV prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of drug users in a certain city and to explore the prevention and control measures for HIV infection. Methods A total of 2141 detainees in a city from 2009 to 2011 were selected as the respondents to conduct a case-control study on population characteristics, drug abuse behaviors and HIV infection. Results The HIV prevalence of the surveyed subjects was 0.93%, among which HIV infection rate among drug addicts was 3.81%. The relationship between drug abuse and HIV prevalence varied among different ethnic groups. HIV prevalence of drug addicts among ethnic minorities was higher than that of non-drug addicts (χ2 = 6.56, P = 0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups in drug abusers The risk of HIV infection is 3.68 times that of non-drug users. There was no significant difference in HIV prevalence among men and women. The risk of HIV infection among ethnic minorities is 4.51 times that of Han nationality. Conclusions It is an important measure to reduce the HIV prevalence in a city by strengthening the sharing of health education on health hazards of needles among ethnic minorities. At the same time, it is an important measure to reduce the HIV infection rate in a city by carrying out needle exchange and condom promotion among drug users.