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在生产实践中,存在着高温对早稻开花结实的不良影响。本试验是观察开花期不同高温对早稻开花结实的影响。试验在人工气候室进行。随着温度的逐渐升高,早稻日开花高峰提早出现;最大日开花率,总开花率,花药开裂率和实粒率下降;闭花率,夜开花率和空拉率增加。早稻颖花开花前夕是对高温伤害最敏感的时期,在开花、授粉结束,子房体明显伸长后,它的抗热能力大大加强。高温对早稻开花期造成伤害的原因是破坏了受精过程,而形成空粒。
In production practice, there is the adverse effect of high temperature on early flowering and fruiting of rice. This experiment is to observe the effect of different high temperature during flowering on the flowering and fruiting of early rice. The experiment is carried out in the artificial climate chamber. With the gradual increase of temperature, the flowering peak of early rice day appeared earlier; the maximum daily flowering rate, total flowering rate, anther dehiscence rate and real kernel rate decreased; the flowering rate, night flowering rate and empty pull rate increased. On the eve of the early rice spike flowering is the most sensitive period of high temperature injury, in the flowering, pollination is over, after the obvious expansion of the ovary, its heat resistance greatly strengthened. The reason that high temperatures cause damage to the flowering stage of early rice is that it breaks the fertilization process and forms empty grains.