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目的:了解宁波市手足口病的病原学特征,为手足口病的综合防治提供科学依据。方法:收集2009年-2010年宁波市手足口病临床诊断病例的相关标本,采用荧光定量RT-PCR或RT-PCR进行病原学检测。结果:在446份临床标本中,共检测到阳性标本346份,总检出率为77.58%,男女比例为2.035∶1,手足口病发病高峰在春末和夏初,其中EV71阳性标本191份;CoxA16阳性标本121份;CoxA6阳性标本13份;CoxA10阳性标本7份;CoxA12阳性标本4份;ECHO9阳性标本4份;CoxA2阳性标本2份;CoxA4、CoxB1、CoxB4和其它肠道病毒各1份,EV71是引起宁波市手足口病的优势毒株(P<0.05)。结论:宁波市手足口病的病原体主要是EV71(55.20%)和CoxA16(34.98%),同时呈现多样化和复杂化的特点。EV71是引起手足口病重症病例和死亡病例的主要毒株类型。
Objective: To understand the etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Ningbo and to provide a scientific basis for the comprehensive prevention and treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods: The specimens of clinical diagnosis of hand, foot and mouth disease in Ningbo City from 2009 to 2010 were collected and the etiological tests were carried out by using fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR or RT-PCR. Results: In 446 clinical specimens, a total of 346 positive specimens were detected, the total detection rate was 77.58%, the male-female ratio was 2.035:1. The peak incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease was in the late spring and early summer, of which 191 were EV71 positive specimens ; 121 CoxA16 positive samples; 13 CoxA6 positive samples; 7 CoxA10 positive samples; 4 CoxA12 positive samples; 4 ECHO9 positive samples; 2 CoxA2 positive samples; 1 CoxA4, CoxB1, CoxB4 and 1 other enterovirus , EV71 is the dominant strain causing hand, foot and mouth disease in Ningbo (P <0.05). Conclusion: The pathogens of hand, foot and mouth disease in Ningbo are mainly EV71 (55.20%) and CoxA16 (34.98%), showing diversified and complicated characteristics. EV71 is the major type of strain that causes HFMD cases and deaths.