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通过间接酶联免疫法检测178份新生儿(正常顺产儿为114例,早产儿64例)脐带血血清中人巨细胞病毒(human cytomegalovirus,HCMV)和风疹病毒(rubella virus,RV)IgG和IgM抗体,并分析所测结果与临床表现的相关性。结果表明,178例新生儿脐带血血清中HCMV-IgG阳性标本为168例(94.38%),HCMV-IgM阳性标本为1例(0.56%);RV-IgG阳性标本为119例(66.85%);RV-IgM阳性标本为1例(0.56%)。其中,正常顺产儿脐带血中HCMV-IgM和RV-IgM阳性率均为0.87%(1/114),HCMV-IgG阳性率为94.73%(108/114),RV-IgG阳性率为61.40%(70/114),HCMV和RV IgG两者均阳性者为55.26%(63/114);早产儿HCMV-IgM和RV-IgM均为阴性(0/64),HCMV-IgG阳性率为93.75%(60/64),RV-IgG阳性率为76.56%(49/64),HCMV和RV IgG两者均阳性者为70.31%(45/64)。早产儿与正常顺产儿比较,早产儿的RV-IgG阳性率和HCMV和RV-IgG两者均阳性者均高于正常顺产儿,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。可见,HCMV感染率较高,至今仍无有效的HCMV疫苗,应加大疫苗研发力度。所查新生儿RV-IgG阳性率为66.48%,提示中国33%以上的育龄期妇女有在孕早期暴露感染的机率,国家有必要加大该种疫苗的接种力度。
178 human immunodeficiency virus (HCMV) and rubella virus (RV) IgG and IgM were detected by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 178 neonates (normal births in 114 cases, premature children in 64 cases) Antibodies, and analysis of the measured results and clinical manifestations. The results showed that 168 cases (94.38%) were positive for HCMV-IgG in cord blood of 178 neonates, 1 case (0.56%) positive for HCMV-IgM and 119 cases (66.85%) for positive RV-IgG. RV-IgM positive specimens in 1 case (0.56%). The positive rates of HCMV-IgM and RV-IgM in normal umbilical cord blood were 0.87% (1/114), 94.73% (108/114), and RV-IgG positive rate was 61.40% (HCMV-IgG) 70/114), both HCMV and RV IgG were 55.26% (63/114), HCMV-IgM and RV-IgM were both negative (0/64) and HCMV-IgG was 93.75% 60/64). The positive rate of RV-IgG was 76.56% (49/64), while the positive rate of HCMV and RV IgG was 70.31% (45/64). The positive rate of RV-IgG and the positive rate of HCMV and RV-IgG in preterm infants were higher than those in normal infants with preterm infants. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Can be seen, HCMV infection rate is high, there is still no effective HCMV vaccine, vaccine research and development should increase the intensity. The detection of neonatal RV-IgG positive rate was 66.48%, suggesting that more than 33% of women of childbearing age in China have the risk of exposure in early pregnancy, the country needs to increase the vaccination efforts.