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目的对1-溴丙烷(1-BP)生产和使用企业进行职业卫生现场调查,了解1-BP接触人群的接触浓度和对健康的影响。方法选取北方(山东)和南方(广东)2个省共计7家1-BP生产和使用企业作为调查对象,对工人1-BP接触水平进行横断面调查。进行定点和个体采样,收集健康监护资料及现场对接触工人进行健康检查。结果 1-BP广泛存在于作业现场,生产企业主要集中在包装和精馏岗位。108个定点采样,检测范围<2.0~318.0 mg/m3;19例个体采样,检测范围<2.0~556.0 mg/m3。接触组与对照组血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞压积(HCT)、血小板(PLT)、红细胞平均体积(MCV)、红细胞平均血红蛋白含量(MCH)、红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、血小板体积分布宽度(PDW)、血小板平均体积(MPV)、胆碱酯酶(CHE)、肌酐(CREA)、促甲状腺素(TSH)差异有统计学意义。结论职业接触1-BP可引起工人血常规及血生化指标的改变。企业仍需加强职业卫生管理,保护劳动者健康。
Objective To conduct a field survey of occupational health in 1-bromopropane (1-BP) production and use establishments to understand the exposure levels and health effects of 1-BP exposure. Methods A total of seven 1-BP production and use enterprises in the northern (Shandong) and southern (Guangdong) provinces were selected as the survey subjects to conduct a cross-sectional survey on the level of workers’ 1-BP exposure. Conduct site-specific and individual sampling, collect health monitoring data and conduct on-site health checks of exposed workers. Results 1-BP is widely present at the job site, with manufacturing companies mainly focusing on packaging and distillation. 108 fixed-point sampling, detection range <2.0 ~ 318.0 mg / m3; 19 individual samples, the detection range <2.0 ~ 556.0 mg / m3. The levels of Hb, HCT, PLT, MCV, MCH, MCHC and platelet volume distribution in the exposure group and the control group were PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), cholinesterase (CHE), creatinine (CREA), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were statistically different. Conclusion Occupational exposure to 1-BP can cause changes in blood and blood biochemical markers in workers. Enterprises still need to strengthen occupational health management and protect workers’ health.