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国有股是指由全民财产转化生成的股本,主要包括国家股和国有法人股。国家股是由有权代表国家投资的政府部门或机构以国有资产投入公司形成的,其股权行使人为政府或国有资产管理局;国有法人股是由全民所有制企业用其可支配的资产向股份制企业投资形成的,其股权行使人是企业法人。由于我国股份制是在公有制基础上生成的,所以,在股权结构中,国有股权的比重占绝对优势。但在现阶段,国有股是不能上市流通的,以致巨大的国有资产不能通过股市的运作达到优化配置和结构调整的目的,阻碍了股份制改革的进程和股市的健康发展。解决国有股出路问题已是当务之急。
State-owned shares refer to the share capital generated from the conversion of property owned by the whole people, mainly including state shares and state-owned legal person shares. State shares are formed by government departments or agencies that have the power to represent the state to invest in state-owned assets, and their shareholding is exercised by the government or the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission. State-owned legal person shares are invested by state-owned enterprises in their joint ventures with their disposable assets Formed, the exercise of equity is a corporate entity. Since China’s joint-stock system is generated on the basis of public ownership, the proportion of state-owned equity in the ownership structure is dominant. However, at this stage, the state-owned shares can not be listed and circulated, so that the huge state-owned assets can not achieve the purpose of optimal allocation and structural adjustment through the operation of the stock market, thus hindering the progress of joint-stock reform and the healthy development of the stock market. The solution to the issue of the way out of state-owned shares is a top priority.