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燃油喷束的雾化对于改进柴油机性能,例如降低NO_X排放、颗粒物(PM)和提高输出功率等有很重要的作用。为了在不提高喷油压力条件下获得更好的燃油雾化,提高喷孔处的流速被认为是一种有效的方法。通过试验,证实扩大喷孔进口的圆角半径是获得高流速喷油嘴最有效而适用的方法。作者将高流速喷油嘴的喷油特性和油束特性与传统喷油嘴作了对比,前者的雾化得到了改善。最后将高流速喷油嘴装到中等功率自然吸气直喷式柴油机上进行了试验,高流速喷油嘴显示了NO_X排放和PM排放同时获得改善,因而是改进发动机的有效方法。
Atomization of the fuel jet plays an important role in improving diesel engine performance, such as reducing NO x emissions, particulate matter (PM), and increasing output power. In order to obtain better fuel atomization without increasing the injection pressure, it is considered an effective method to increase the flow rate at the orifice. Through experiments, it is confirmed that it is the most effective and applicable method to obtain a high-speed fuel injection nozzle by expanding the radius of the fillet inlet. The author compares the injection characteristics and the characteristics of the oil jet with those of the high-speed injection nozzle with that of the traditional injection nozzle, and the atomization of the former has been improved. Finally, the high-flow injector was installed on a medium-power naturally aspirated direct injection diesel engine. The high-flow injector showed that NOx emission and PM emission were improved at the same time, which is an effective way to improve the engine.