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本文针对台湾现存自清朝道光年间(1830年)开始的五大私家园林,包括基隆陋园、板桥林园、雾峰莱园、神冈吕园、台南吴园等,深入分析其形式与功能。发现分布台湾北、中、南各地清末时期的私家园林,其形式不同于大陆地区园林,都能创造属于自己文化风格,例如闽南式、客家式。闽南式风格形式较华丽,硬质铺面较多,客家风格则较简朴淡雅,硬质铺面较少。但甲午战争后,受日本统治影响,台湾园林之形式风格有很大转变。都市中的私家园林纷纷被迫对外开放,其形式亦倾向于西洋园林的开放与自然风格。
In this paper, we analyze five forms of private gardens in Taiwan, including Keelung Yaobang, Banqiao Forest Park, Wufenglai Park, Kamioka Lvyuan and Tainan Wuyuan, which existed since the Qing dynasty (1830). It is found that private gardens distributed in the northern, central and southern Taiwan throughout the Qing dynasty are different from those in the mainland and create their own cultural styles, such as the Minnan and Hakka styles. Minnan-style style is more ornate, more hard-surfaced, Hakka style is more simple and elegant, less hard-surfaced. However, after the Sino-Japanese War, under the influence of Japan, there was a great change in the style of Taiwan's gardens. Private gardens in the city are forced to open to the outside world, and their forms tend to be open and natural to the Western landscape.