背景情况 :尽管众所周知吸烟有害健康 ,美国许多妇女仍然在孕期吸烟。公众在关注这种行为的健康效应的同时也关注它所带来的经济效应。从 1993年美国国家评估的资料可见 ,生育期妇女吸烟率为 2 6 % ,19%的妇女孕期吸烟 (19%～ 2 7% )。孕妇吸烟可造成胎儿发育迟缓 ,早产 ,新生 Background: Although it is known that smoking is harmful to health, many women in the United States still smoke during pregnancy. The public is paying attention to the health effects of this behavior as well as the economic effects it brings. According to the 1993 National Assessment of the United States, the smoking rate among women during the reproductive period was 26%, and 19% of women smoked during pregnancy (19% to 27%). Pregnant woman smoking can cause fetal growth retardation, premature birth, newborn