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大豆籽粒发育可分为鼓粒期和籽粒归圆期,探究无损伤检测鼓粒进程的指标对大豆相关研究具有重要意义。本研究以青鲜819-4、冀豆17、鲁96150和V94-3971为试验材料,通过分期播种、连续测定标记花荚的荚果厚度,分期收获同日标记的大豆籽粒并进行发芽率测定,研究大豆鼓粒期荚果厚度变化。结果表明:1)鼓粒期鲜荚皮厚度基本保持恒定,因此荚果厚度可用于度量籽粒厚度的变化。荚果厚度(y)与开花后日数(x)的关系可以用二次函数(y=ax2+bx+c)进行有效模拟。利用模拟函数可以对大豆鼓粒始期、最大荚果厚度出现期、鼓粒持续期以及平均鼓粒速率等进行有效预测。荚果最大厚度可用作判定大豆籽粒开始具备发芽能力的外观指标。2)荚果厚度变化受材料特性和外界环境的共同影响。同一材料不同时期标记的花荚,荚果厚度增速趋势可能有差异,因此在大豆籽粒灌浆特性研究中,同日标记花荚是籽粒灌浆特性研究中一项必要的控制措施。3)不同材料鼓粒特性存在差异,选择鼓粒启动早、鼓粒速度快的大豆品种是可行的。荚果厚度有望成为研究大豆灌浆特性和适时早收的无损伤选择指标。
Soybean kernel development can be divided into the drum and grain regression period, to explore the indicators of damage to the drum process is important for soybean-related research. In this study, the fresh pods 819-4, Jidou 17, Lu 96150 and V94-3971 were used as experimental materials, the pod thickness of the pod was continuously measured by sowing, and the soybean seeds stamped the same day were staged and the germination rate was measured. Soybean drum grain pod thickness changes. The results showed that: 1) The thickness of fresh pod skin remained constant during drumming, so pod thickness could be used to measure the variation of grain thickness. The relationship between the thickness of the pod (y) and the number of days after flowering (x) can be effectively simulated by a quadratic function (y = ax2 + bx + c). Using simulation function, we can predict the initial stage of soybean drum, the maximum pod thickness, the duration of drum grain and the average drum speed. The maximum pod thickness can be used as an indicator of the appearance of soybean kernels that have the ability to germinate. 2) The pod thickness changes are affected by both the material properties and the external environment. The growth rate of pods and pods in the same material may be different in different periods. Therefore, in the study of grain filling characteristics of soybean, the same day marked the flower pod is a necessary control measures in the study of grain filling characteristics. 3) There are differences in drum characteristics between different materials, it is feasible to choose the type of soybean which has the advantages of early onset and fast drum speed. The pod thickness is expected to become a nondestructive selection index for studying the characteristics of soybean grouting and timely harvesting.