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树种是决定森林生态系统碳储量大小的一个重要生物学因子。在山西省太岳林区,根据生态系统的垂直结构特征,调查了乔木层、草灌丛和土壤层的有机碳储量,分析了碳储量随林分类型和树种组成的变化规律。阔叶林有机碳储量为156.58 t C·hm-2,针叶林为145.05 t C·hm-2,针阔混交林为128.52 t C·hm-2。辽东栎和油松在群落中所占比例与不同层次的有机碳储量间存在较强的相关性。辽东栎比重的增加可显著提高乔木层、土壤层和生态系统碳储量,而乔木层、土壤层和生态系统碳储量却随着油松比重的增加呈下降趋势。虽然群落中所有阔叶树种和针叶树种的比例与乔木层碳储量、生态系统总的碳储量间也存在相似关系,但却对土壤层和草灌丛的碳储量没有显著影响。因而,在该地区,辽东栎种群和油松种群在决定针阔混交林生态系统的碳储量方面,比群落中阔叶树种和所有针叶树种发挥着更大的调控作用。
Tree species is an important biological factor that determines the size of carbon stocks in forest ecosystems. In Taiyuelin area of Shanxi Province, the organic carbon stocks of arbor, grass shrub and soil layers were investigated according to the vertical structural characteristics of ecosystems. The variation of carbon storage with stand type and tree species composition was analyzed. The total organic carbon storage of broad-leaved forest was 156.58 t C · hm-2, that of coniferous forest was 145.05 t C · hm-2, and that of mixed coniferous forest was 128.52 t C · hm-2. There is a strong correlation between the proportion of Quercus liaotungensis and Pinus tabulaeformis in the community and the organic carbon storage at different levels. The increase of the proportion of Quercus liaotungensis could significantly increase the carbon storage of arbor, soil layer and ecosystem, while the arbor layer, soil layer and ecosystem carbon storage decreased with the increase of the proportion of Pinus tabulaeformis. Although the proportion of all broad-leaved species and conifers in the community has a similar relationship with the arborous layer carbon storage and the total ecosystem carbon storage, it has no significant effect on the carbon storage in the soil layer and shrublands. Therefore, in this area, the population of Quercus liaotungensis and Pinus tabulaeformis population plays a greater role in regulating carbon storage in the ecologically-coniferous and broad-leaved forest ecosystems than in broad-leaved species and all conifers in the community.