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[目的]研究黄腐植酸浸种对直播水稻生长及产量的影响。[方法]以水稻南粳44为材料,通过田间小区试验研究浓度分别为0(清水对照)、1、2、4、6g/L的黄腐植酸(FulvicAcid,FA)浸种对直播水稻生长及产量的影响。[结果]不同浓度的黄腐植酸浸种后直播水稻拔节期、抽穗期的叶面积指数、叶绿素含量、净光合速率、气孔导度、干物重等均有不同程度的增加,其中4~6g/L黄腐植酸浸种处理直播水稻的叶面积指数增加10.32%~22.88%、叶绿素含量增加5.88%~13.11%、净光合速率增加12.16%~26.84%、气孔导度增加11.43%~88.46%、蒸腾速率增加10.63%~21.63%、干物重增加18.49%~19.68%,与对照相比均有显著性差异。同时PSⅡ的最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、开放的PSⅡ反应中心的激发能捕获效率(Fv’/Fm’)、PSⅡ的实际光化学效率(ФPSⅡ)等荧光参数也均有不同程度的升高,说明黄腐植酸浸种明显改善了直播水稻营养生长期的生理功能和光能转换效率。产量及其构成因子分析表明,随着黄腐植酸浸种浓度的提高,直播水稻有效穗数、穗粒数、结实率及产量明显增加,其中4~6g/L黄腐植酸浸种处理直播水稻的有效穗数增加3.46%~3.85%、穗粒数增加6.30%~6.51%、结实率增加7.82%~8.69%、产量增加17.52%~18.71%,与对照相比均有显著性差异。[结论]黄腐植酸浸种处理可作为一种提高直播水稻竞争能力的措施,有利于直播水稻高产、稳产。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the effects of humic acid soaking on the growth and yield of direct seeding rice. [Method] With rice Nanjing4 as material, field experiments were conducted to study the effect of direct seeding on the growth and yield of direct seeding rice (Oryza sativa L.) by 0 (fresh water control), 1,2,4,6 g / L Fulvic Acid (FA) Impact. [Result] The leaf area index, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and dry matter weight of direct seeding rice in direct seeding rice were significantly increased after soaking different concentrations of humic acid, of which 4 ~ 6g / L The leaf area index of direct seeding rice increased by 10.32% -22.88%, chlorophyll content increased by 5.88% -13.11%, net photosynthetic rate increased by 12.16% -26.84%, stomatal conductance increased by 11.43% -88.46%, transpiration rate increased 10.63% ~ 21.63%, dry weight increased 18.49% ~ 19.68%, compared with the control were significant differences. At the same time, the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv / Fm) of PSⅡ, the capture efficiency of excitation energy (Fv ’/ Fm’) and the actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ (ФPSⅡ) The results showed that humic acid soaking significantly improved the physiological function and light energy conversion efficiency of direct seeding rice during vegetative growth. The results showed that the effective spikes, grains per spike, seed setting rate and yield of direct-seeded rice increased significantly with the increase of humic acid soaking concentration, and the treatment of direct seeding rice with 4 ~ 6g / L humic acid was effective The spikes increased 3.46% -3.85%, the grains per spike increased by 6.30% ~ 6.51%, the seed setting rate increased by 7.82% ~ 8.69%, and the yield increased by 17.52% ~ 18.71%, which was significantly different from the control. [Conclusion] The soaking of yellow humic acid could be used as a measure to improve the competition ability of direct seeding rice, which was benefit to the high yield and stable yield of direct seeding rice.