1 前言新西兰位于南太平洋,是一个拥有360万人口,多山的、具有广阔而肥沃的丘陵和河滩的国家。英国女皇也是新西兰的君主,但实际上自从1853年以来基本是自己控制主权。1840年的 Waitangi 条约给英国以新西兰的主权,但承认当地种族的森林和土地所有权。在过去的30年中移民大量增加,森林被开发用于生产木材和用做牧场。在1860年 1 Introduction New Zealand, located in the South Pacific, is a country of 3.6 million people, mountainous, vast and fertile hilly and floodplain. The Queen of England is also a New Zealand monarch, but in fact she has essentially taken control of her sovereignty since 1853. The Treaty of Waitangi of 1840 gave British sovereignty over New Zealand, but acknowledged the ownership of forests and land by ethnic groups. Immigrants have increased substantially in the past 30 years, and forests have been developed for timber production and pasture use. In 1860