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美国心理学家Kobasa提出了坚韧(hardiness)人格的概念[1],用来描述体验高度的生活应激,但由于表现出一系列的态度、信念和行为倾向而使自己免于疾病的个体,包括了承诺、挑战和控制3个层面:承诺指个人面对压力不逃避困难及责任,挑战指个人面对压力勇于挑战自我,控制指个人面对压力能控制情绪[2]。有关数据显示,我国大学生中16.0%~25.4%有心理障碍,因心理问题不能正常学习和生活而休学或退学的学生人数逐年上升,其中因为精神疾病休学的人数占因病休学人数的37.9%,因精神疾病退学的人
American psychologist Kobasa proposed the concept of a hardiness personality [1], which describes the experience of experiencing a high degree of stress in life, but because of individuals who manifest themselves in a series of attitudes, beliefs and behavioral tendencies to protect themselves from illness, This includes commitment, challenge and control at three levels: Commitment means that individuals do not evade difficulties and responsibilities in the face of stress. Challenges mean that individuals are brave enough to challenge themselves in the face of stress. Control means that individuals can control emotions in the face of stress [2]. The data show that 16.0% ~ 25.4% of university students in our country have mental disorders, and the number of students who drop out of school or drop out of school because of psychological problems can not learn and live normally. Among them, the number of students suspended from school due to mental illness accounts for 37.9% People who dropped out because of mental illness