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目的:探讨经皮穿刺半月神经节微球囊压迫术（PBC）治疗三叉神经痛术后无效或短期内（术后3个月内）复发的原因及再次行改良式PBC的手术策略与效果。方法:回顾性分析南京医科大学鼓楼临床医学院神经外科2018年6月至2020年6月收治的PBC治疗无效或短期内复发的21例患者的临床资料。男性8例，女性13例，平均年龄66.6岁（范围：51~79岁）；手术无效2例，短期内复发19例，占同期接受PBC治疗患者的5.7%（21/369）。疼痛分区：Vn 2支2例，Vn 3支3例，Vn 1+Vn 2支 1例，Vn 2+Vn 3支15 例。19例短期复发患者的平均复发时间为46.8 d（范围：23~76 d）。分析患者术后无效或短期复发的原因，将患者分为4种类型：Ⅰ型为囊外假梨型（1例），Ⅱ型为真梨无效型（2例），Ⅲ型为囊体破裂型（6例），Ⅳ型为压迫盲区型（12例）；根据患者类型制定个体化改良式PBC手术方案。观察行改良式PBC治疗后的临床效果及并发症情况。n 结果:患者术后疼痛均即刻消失，即时有效率为100%。患者术后面部均有轻度麻木，出现咬肌无力5例（23.8%，5/21），口周疱疹3例（14.3%，3/21），复视1例（4.8%，1/21），无出血等并发症发生。患者均获得>12个月随访（范围：13~28个月），1例（4.8%，1/21）患者（压迫盲区型）于术后9个月复发，至我科再次行原改良式PBC后治愈，继续随访13个月未复发，其余患者均未复发。截至末次随访，19例（90.5%，19/21）治愈，2例（9.5%，2/21）改善。结论:三叉神经痛患者PBC术后无效或短期复发的主要原因是三叉神经节未受到有效压迫。根据患者的不同分型，采用个体化改良式手术方案，可提高PBC手术疗效。“,”Objectives:To explore the causes of ineffective or short-term recurrence (within 3 months)of trigeminal neuralgia treated by percutaneous microballoon compression(PBC), and to examine the reoperative strategies and clincal outcomes of modified PBC.Methods:The clinical data of 21 patients with ineffective or short-term recurrence after PBC treatment (5.7% of 369 patient received PBC) admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University from June 2018 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 8 males and 13 females, mean aged 66.6 years (range:51 to 79 years).Among them,2 patients was ineffective after PBC and 19 patients relapsed within 3 months.The distribution of pain was along Vn 2 branches in 2 cases,Vn 3 branches in 3 cases,Vn 1+Vn 2 branches in 1 case,and Vn 2+Vn 3 branches in 15 cases.The mean time of recurrence was 46.8 days (range:23 to 76 days) among the 19 patients with short-term recurrence.The patients were divided into 4 types based on the causes of postoperative ineffectiveness or short-term recurrence.TypeⅠ:extracapsular false pear (1 case);Type Ⅱ:invalid true pear(2 cases);Type Ⅲ:capsular rupture (6 cases);Type Ⅳ:compression blind area (12 cases).The individualized modified PBC operation plans were used according to the types of the patients and the clinical effect and complications of the patients were observed.n Results:The pain symptoms of the patients disappeared after the second operation with immediate effective rate of 100%. All patients had mild facial numbness after surgery.Five patients(23.8%,5/21) had masseter muscle weakness, 3 (14.3%,3/21) had peristomatous herpes, 1(4.8%,1/21) had diplopia.No bleeding or other complications occurred.All patients were followed up for at least 12 months (range:13 to 28 months). One patient (4.8%,1/21) (compression blind area type) had pain recurrence 9 months after surgery, and cured by receiving the original modified PBC surgery again with no recurrence after another 13 months\' follow-up. None of the other patients relapsed during the follow-up period.Up to the last follow-up,19 cases(90.5%,19/21) were cured,and 2 cases (9.5%,2/21) were relieved.Conclusions:The main reason for ineffective or short-term recurrence of PBC in trigeminal neuralgia patients is the ineffectively compressed of trigeminal ganglion.According to the different types of patients,the use of individualized modified surgical scheme can improve the efficacy of PBC surgery.