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通过查阅标本、文献,走访和实地考察等多种方式,对陕西省6市20县26乡镇五味子属野生植物资源现状及分布进行调查。结果表明,秦岭地区有6种五味子属植物,华中五味子(Schisandra sphenanthera)、红花五味子(Schisandra rubriflora)、大花五味子(Schisandra grandiflora)、铁箍散(Schisandra propinqua var.sinensis)、金山五味子(Schisandra glaucescens)和狭叶五味子(Schisandra lancifolia),分布于海拔500~2800 m之间,华中五味子数量多且分布广,大花五味子相对稀少。根据调研确定不同地区各种五味子的花期和果期,并制定分种检索表,补充了秦岭地区五味子属植物的分布状况。调查显示,分布区内五味子属野生植物资源遭到不同程度破坏,特别是稀少种亟待保护。本研究为道地药材的合理采收和可持续利用、加强对稀少物种的保护提出了建议。
By investigating the specimens, literature, visits and field trips, the author investigated the status and distribution of wild plant resources of Schisandra genus in 26 towns and 20 towns in 6 cities of Shaanxi province. The results showed that there are 6 species of Schisandra, Schisandra sphenanthera, Schisandra rubriflora, Schisandra grandiflora, Schisandra propinqua var. Sinensis, Schisandra glaucescens and Schisandra lancifolia, distributed in the range of 500 ~ 2800 m above sea level. Schisandra chinensis is abundant and widely distributed in Huazhong and is relatively scarce in Schisandra chinensis. According to the survey to determine the different regions of different flowering and fruiting period of Schisandra, and the development of sub-species search table to supplement the distribution of Schisandra Qinling region. The survey shows that in the distribution area, the resources of wild plants of Schisandra have been destroyed in varying degrees, especially the sparse species need to be protected. This study made recommendations for the rational recovery and sustainable use of authentic medicinal materials and strengthening the protection of rare species.