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目的:探究江苏省发热伴血小板减少综合征血清新型布尼亚病毒（severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus，SFTSV）中和抗体消长及影响因素，为免疫防控提供理论依据。方法:采集江苏省发热伴血小板减少综合征既往病例的血清样本，采用空斑减少中和试验对其进行SFTSV中和抗体检测，阐明其消长规律，应用Spearman相关和广义相加模型分析其影响因素。结果:本研究共纳入2011—2018年江苏省发热伴血小板减少综合征既往病例95例，其血清SFTSV中和抗体总阳性率为98.95%（94/95），总体几何平均滴度为1∶221。抗体水平随病后时间的延长总体呈逐年下降趋势（n F=2.31，n P=0.03），急性期高病毒载量者抗体水平较高（n t=2.23，n P=0.03）。抗体水平与急性期病毒载量呈正相关关系（n rn s=0.30，n P<0.01），与病后时间呈负相关关系（n rn s=-0.25，n P=0.03）。广义相加模型结果显示，急性期病毒载量CT值在0~125 000 copies/mL范围内对其影响尤为显著；抗体水平于病后7—20个月期间下降明显，21—40个月期间趋于平缓，41—96个月期间持续下降。n 结论:2011—2018年江苏省发热伴血小板减少综合征既往病例血清SFTSV中和抗体普遍呈阳性，具有自我保护能力。抗体水平随时间逐渐降低，且与急性期病毒载量呈非线性正相关关系，可进行针对性免疫防护。“,”Objective:To determine the growth and decline regularity of the serum neutralizing antibody of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) in Jiangsu province and to explore the associated factors, so as to provide therotical basis for the prevention and cotnrol by immunization.Methods:Serum samples were collected retrospectively from SFTS cases in Jiangsu province. The SFTSV neutralizing antibodies were detected by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) to analyze the growth and decline regularity. Spearman correlation and generalized additive model (GAM) were used to explore the associated factors.Results:A total of 95 SFTS cases in Jiangsu province during 2011-2018 were included in this study. The overall positive rate of the serum SFTSV neutralizing antibody was 98.95% (94/95) and the overall geometric mean titer (GMT) was 1 : 221. The titers of serum SFTSV neutralizing antibody decreased by years after onset (n F=2.31, n P=0.03). Higher antibody titers were observed in SFTS cases with high viral loads in acute phase (n t=2.23, n P=0.03), and the antibody titers were positively correlated with the viral loads in acute phase (n rn s=0.30, n P<0.01), and negatively correlated with the time after onset (n rn s=-0.25, n P=0.03). GAMs suggested that the viral loads within the range of 0-125 000 copies/mL in acute phase had a significant impact on it. The antibody titers decreased significantly in the 7-20 months after onset, maintained stable in the 21-40 months, and continued to decline in the 41-96 months.n Conclusions:The SFTS cases in Jiangsu province during 2011-2018 were generally positive for the serum SFTSV neutralizing antibody and maintained protectivity. The antibody titers decreased gradually with time after onset and showed non-linear, positive correlation with the viral load in acute phase. Targeted immunization for prevention and control should be feasible.