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目的探讨体育锻炼与大学生一般自我效能和应对效能的关系及一般自我效能在体育锻炼影响大学生应对效能中的中介作用,为提高大学生应对效能提供参考依据。方法采用体育锻炼等级量表、应对效能量表和一般自我效能量表,对分层随机选取的扬州大学310名大学生进行问卷调查,对收集到的数据采用SPSS 13.0和Amos 17.0进行统计分析。结果大学生一般自我效能不存在性别和专业差异,应对效能不存在性别差异,专业差异仅存在于认知水平维度。体育锻炼对大学生一般自我效能和应对效能有统计学作用;随着锻炼强度的增强、锻炼频率的增多,大学生一般自我效能和应对效能的水平呈现倒“V”形变化,而随着锻炼时间的增长、体育活动参与历史的延续,大学生一般自我效能和应对效能的水平呈逐步增高的趋势。结论体育锻炼不仅能直接作用于应对效能,还可通过一般自我效能间接影响应对效能,一般自我效能在体育锻炼改善大学生应对效能过程起中介作用。
Objective To explore the relationship between physical exercise and general self-efficacy and coping efficiency of college students and the mediating effect of general self-efficacy on the coping efficiency of college students in physical exercise so as to provide a reference for improving college students’ coping efficiency. Methods A total of 310 university students from Yangzhou University stratified randomly were surveyed using the Physical Activity Rating Scale, Response Effectiveness Scale and General Self-Efficacy Scale. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0 and Amos 17.0. Results The general self-efficacy of college students does not exist gender and professional differences, there is no gender differences in response performance, professional differences only exist in the cognitive dimension. Physical exercise had statistically significant effect on the general self-efficacy and coping efficiency of college students. With the increase of exercise intensity, the frequency of exercise increased, the level of general self-efficacy and coping ability of college students showed “V” shape change, The growth of time, the continuation of participation in sports activities, the gradual increase in the general self-efficacy and coping skills of undergraduates. Conclusion Physical exercise can not only directly affect coping efficiency, but also indirectly affect coping effectiveness through general self-efficacy. General self-efficacy plays an intermediary role in improving physical coping performance of college students through physical exercise.