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邓小平在推进经济体制改革的过程中，敏锐地发现我国现行的政治体制，特别是党和国家的领导制度存在着比较严重的弊端。他从历史的角度、从国家长治久安和稳定发展的战略高度、从未来的角度思考党和国家领导制度的改革，提出了建立正常的干部选拔、选举、招考、任免、考核、弹劾、轮换制度、群众监督机制和多级各类领导干部的任期制、离退休制度，废除领导干部职务终身制。
In the process of promoting the reform of the economic system, Deng Xiaoping keenly found that the existing political system in our country, especially the party and state leadership systems, have serious drawbacks. From a historical point of view, he reviewed the reforms of the party and state leadership from a strategic perspective of long-term peace and stability and from a perspective of the future. He proposed establishing a normal cadre selection, election, recruitment, appointment and removal, examination, impeachment and rotation system, The supervision mechanism of the masses, the term system of various types of leading cadres at various levels and the retirement system, and abolish the tenure system of leading cadres.