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目的通过对某社区居民干预前后营养知识、态度及饮食行为的调查,了解居民营养状况的同时,为下一步有针对性地开展营养知识的普及宣传工作奠定基础。方法采用调查问卷的方法,宣传前后统一问卷内容,对某社区的450名居民进行营养知识宣传前后的问卷调查结果对照,得出营养学知识掌握、认识态度和膳食行为的改变率。结果社区居民掌握营养基础知识知晓率在干预前是25.2%,通过宣传教育后有了显著地提高,达到90.2%;对营养膳食态度的改变情况干预后提高了21.6%;营养膳食行为方面干预前后分别53.3%和79.2%。结论通过在社区开展营养知识宣传教育后,大多数居民对营养学知识知晓率、膳食态度和营养饮食行为有了很大的改观,但仍有部分居民不能完全按照营养学来科学的进行膳食。还需要进一步加大力度,采取多种宣传方式普及全民营养学知识,提高全民营养学观念,树立良好饮食行为,让广大居民意识到合理营养膳食和减少慢性病的直接关系。
Objective To understand the nutritional status of residents by investigating nutrition knowledge, attitude and diet before and after intervention of a certain community residents, and to lay the foundation for carrying out the popularization and publicity of nutritional knowledge in the next step. Methods By questionnaire method, the content of unified questionnaire before and after the publicity was propagated. The questionnaire survey results of 450 residents in a certain community before and after the nutrition knowledge publicity were compared, and the change rate of nutritional knowledge, cognitive attitude and dietary behaviors was obtained. Results The rate of awareness of basic knowledge of nutrition among community residents was 25.2% before intervention, significantly increased after publicity and education, reaching 90.2%, 21.6% after the change of nutrition and diet attitude, and that before and after nutrition and diet intervention 53.3% and 79.2% respectively. Conclusion Most residents have made great improvements in the awareness of nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes and nutrition and diet behaviors after community education on nutritional knowledge. However, some residents still can not conduct their diet scientificly according to nutrition. We also need to further intensify our efforts to popularize the knowledge of universal nutrition by adopting various publicity methods, raise the concept of universal nutrition and establish a good diet, so as to let the general public realize the direct relationship between rationally nourishing the diet and reducing chronic diseases.