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目的:了解医院药品不良反应(ADR)发生的基本情况及特点,探讨易感因素,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:采用回顾性分析方法对175例ADR报表按照年龄、性别、药物类别、损害类型及药物剂型等方面进行统计分析。结果:175例ADR中,男女比为1:1.27;18岁以下和60岁以上发生ADR(38.86%)多于其它年龄段;抗微生物药和中药制剂占前两位,分别是57.54%和16.20%;ADR的损害类型主要为皮肤及附件损害,占35.84%;抗微生物药使用中以头孢菌素和青霉素类为主,占66.96%;药物剂型以注射剂为主,占62.84%。结论:应加强ADR监测,避免或减少ADR的重复发生,促进临床安全、合理用药。
Objective: To understand the basic situation and characteristics of adverse drug reaction (ADR) in hospital and to explore the predisposing factors so as to provide a reference for clinical rational drug use. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 175 cases of ADR statements by age, gender, type of drug, the type of damage and drug formulations were statistically analyzed. Results: Among 175 ADRs, the male to female ratio was 1: 1.27. ADR (38.86%) occurred more than other age groups below 18 years old and above 60 years old. The top two were antimicrobial drugs and traditional Chinese medicine preparations, accounting for 57.54% and 16.20 %. The damage types of ADR are mainly skin and accessory damage, accounting for 35.84%. The main antimicrobial drugs are cephalosporins and penicillins, accounting for 66.96% of the total. The dosage of the drug is 62.84%. Conclusion: ADR monitoring should be strengthened to avoid or reduce the recurrence of ADR, to promote clinical safety and rational drug use.