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目的分析2012-2014年深圳市某街道企业使用正己烷的情况,为预防正己烷的职业危害提供科学依据。方法收集该街道使用正己烷企业的监测数据、职业健康监护和职业中毒资料,利用Excel表进行汇总分析。结果该街道正己烷职业危害企业大部分为中小企业;主要分布于电子、印刷、塑胶行业,以电子企业最多,占50.5%,监测合格率呈逐年上升趋势,平均达81.5%;擦洗、印刷、丝印岗位使用正己烷的比例较高;3年间共有2 884人进行正己烷职业健康检查,体检率达94.5%;共确诊1例职业性慢性正己烷中毒。结论加强正己烷重点行业的监管和宣传,督促企业采用无毒或者低毒替代品,加强职业卫生防护措施,保护劳动者的健康。
Objective To analyze the use of n-hexane by a street enterprise in Shenzhen in 2012-2014 to provide a scientific basis for preventing the occupational hazards of n-hexane. Methods The monitoring data, occupational health guardianship and occupational poisoning data of n-hexane enterprises in this street were collected and analyzed by Excel. As a result, most of the n-hexane occupational hazards in the street were small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs); they were mainly distributed in the electronics, printing and plastic industries, accounting for 50.5% of the total. Among them, the qualified rate of monitoring showed an upward trend with an average of 81.5% There was a high proportion of n-hexane used in the silk-screen printing jobs. A total of 2,884 people were tested for n-hexane occupational health in three years with a rate of 94.5%. A total of 1 case of chronic n-hexane poisoning was diagnosed. Conclusion Strengthen the regulation and publicity of n-hexane key industries, urge enterprises to adopt non-toxic or low-toxic alternatives, strengthen occupational health protection measures and protect the health of workers.