一、研究背景辙叉一般由叉心、翼轨和联结零件组成,是使铁路列车车轮由一股钢轨越过另一股钢轨的设备。由于我国铁路高密度、大运量、大轴重、客货混跑的特殊运输条件,辙叉在使用过程中受到车轮巨大交变冲击载荷作用。在接触应力的作用下,轨顶面次表层不断产生层状剥落,最终导致辙叉磨损到限失效。而辙叉磨损病害是引起列车运行不平稳的重要原因之一,所以工务段需要定期检测辙叉,及时掌握辙叉磨损程度,消除安全隐患。目前,国内辙叉检测主要采用手工测量的方法, First, the research background Frog usually fork heart, wing rail and coupling parts, is to make the railway train wheels from one rail over another rail equipment. Due to the special transportation conditions of high density, large capacity, large axle load and mixed passenger and cargo transport in our country, the frog is affected by the huge alternating impact load of the wheel during use. Under the action of contact stress, the subsurface of the top surface of the rail continuously produces layer-like flaking, which eventually leads to the failure of frog abrasion. The frog wear disease is one of the important reasons causing the train to run unevenly. Therefore, the public service section needs to regularly test the frog, grasp the degree of frog wear in time and eliminate the potential safety hazard. At present, the domestic frog detection mainly adopts the manual measurement method,