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十月革命胜利后 ,特别是进入国内战争时期 ,列宁主张通过消费公社把全体居民的“供应和分配”统一起来。这一思想源于当时严峻的军事政治形势以及消费品供应十分紧张的状况 ,其意义在于缓解消费品供应紧张以及人民饥饿的问题。针对学术界流行的一种观点 ,即列宁主张把“供应和分配”统一起来意味着他主张不通过市场使苏俄“直接过渡到社会主义”,本文提出 ,在十月革命胜利初期和国内战争时期 ,列宁不可能而且事实上没有从严格的、科学的意义上提出苏俄向社会主义过渡的问题 ,或者说“过渡”的问题在他思想上没有位置 ,更何谈他指望苏俄“直接”向社会主义过渡。
After the victory of the October Revolution, and especially during the civil war, Lenin advocated the unification of the “supply and distribution” of all residents through consumer communes. The idea originated from the severe military and political situation prevailing at that time and the very tight supply of consumer goods. Its significance lies in alleviating the tight supply of consumer goods and people’s hunger. A view prevailing in academia that Lenin advocates the unification of “supply and distribution” means that he stands for not “making a direct transition to Soviet Socialist Russia” through the market. This article proposes that in the early days of the October Revolution and the civil war Period, Lenin can not and in fact did not raise the question of the transition of the Soviet Union to socialism in the strict and scientific sense, or that the issue of “transition” has no place in his mind, let alone that he is counting on the Soviet Union’s “direct ”The transition to socialism.