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三峡水利枢纽混凝土工程量巨大,约为伊太普工程的2.5倍,其中大坝混凝土量达1600万m3,约占混凝土总量的60%。大坝为混凝土重力坝,总进度要求2002年8月浇至坝顶。因此三峡工程大坝混凝土设计和温度控制是关系大坝质量、施工速度和经济性的关键技术问题之一。文中结合三峡工程特性,首先分析大坝运用条件、结构特点和坝址自然条件,论述大坝混凝土原材料、标号分区及主要设计指标、质量控制,并建议采用的典型混凝土配合比。结合三峡水库类型的分析拟定库水温垂直分布值,重点阐述对泄洪坝段采用通仓长块与柱状块浇筑进行分析比较后的主要结论。最后提出了三峡工程大坝的主要温控防裂标准及其措施。
The volume of concrete works in the Three Gorges Project is about 2.5 times that of the Itaipu Project, in which the dam concrete volume is 16 million m3, accounting for 60% of the total concrete volume. Dam is a concrete gravity dam, the total progress required in August 2002 poured to the top of the dam. Therefore, the concrete design and temperature control of the dam of the Three Gorges Project are one of the key technical issues related to dam quality, construction speed and economy. Based on the characteristics of the Three Gorges Project, this paper first analyzes the dam operating conditions, structural characteristics and natural conditions of the dam site, discusses the dam concrete raw materials, label zoning and main design indexes, quality control, and proposes the typical concrete mix ratio. Combined with the analysis of the Three Gorges Reservoir, the vertical distribution of reservoir water temperature is formulated, and the main conclusions of the analysis and comparison of the long block and column block pouring in the flood discharge dam section are expounded. Finally, the main temperature control cracking standards and measures for the Three Gorges Dam are proposed.