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目的 探讨水下冲击伤的量效关系。方法 成年杂种犬 6 1只 ,用 2 0 0、5 0 0和 1 0 0 0gTNT水下爆炸致水下冲击伤 ,PCB水下压力传感器测定冲击波物理参数 ,观察伤后 6h动物存活情况 ,分析冲击波物理参数与伤情间的关系。结果 6 1只犬中 ,死亡 2 3只 ,死亡率为 3 7 70 % ,死亡原因主要为严重肺出血和肺水肿、胃肠道穿孔及肝脾破裂。半数致死 ( 5 / 1 0 )冲量为 3 3 7 7± 1 4 3kPa·ms,引起轻度、中度、重度和极重度水下冲击伤的冲量分别为 1 4 0 6± 3 4 2、1 99 2± 2 5 2、2 4 7 8± 6 9 6和 4 78 7±1 83 8kPa·ms。结论 冲击波物理参数与损伤程度密切相关 ,早期救治的重点是积极有效地处理严重肺损伤、胃肠道穿孔和肝脾破裂。
Objective To explore the quantitative relationship between underwater impact injuries. Methods Sixty-one adult hybrid dogs were subjected to underwater blast injury with underwater explosions of 200, 500 and 1000 g TNT. Physical parameters of shock wave were measured by PCB underwater pressure sensor. The survival of animals at 6 h after injury was observed. The relationship between physical parameters and injuries. Results Twenty-one dogs died, with 23 deaths and 37.7% deaths. The main causes of death were severe pulmonary hemorrhage and pulmonary edema, gastrointestinal perforation and rupture of liver and spleen. The half-lethal (5/10) impulse was 3377 ± 1434kPa · ms and the impulses that caused mild, moderate, severe and severe underwater impact injuries were respectively 1 406 ± 3 4 2,1 99 2 ± 2 5 2,2 4 7 8 ± 6 9 6 and 4 78 7 ± 1 83 8 kPa · ms. Conclusion The physical parameters of shock wave are closely related to the degree of injury. The focus of early treatment is active and effective treatment of severe lung injury, gastrointestinal perforation and rupture of liver and spleen.