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目的了解闵行区结核病流行现况和特点,建立队列观察人群,为结核病预警模式的建立及验证提供科学依据。方法根据“十一五”传染病重大专项“结核病预警模式研究”项目要求,采取前瞻性现场流行病学研究,选取莘庄镇为现场实施点,采取整群抽样方法,以莘庄镇户籍人口121 898名居民为调查对象,分析人群肺结核可疑症状者和肺结核患者的流行特征,对不同人群患病情况进行卡方检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果莘庄镇共调查户籍人口120 637名居民(男61 055名,女59 582名),受检率为98.97%(120 637/121 898),发现结核病可疑者551例(可疑症状者194例,既往有肺结核病史者357例),现患肺结核16例,可疑者经进一步检查1例确诊为肺结核。莘庄镇结核病患病率为14.09/10万(17/120 637),涂阳患者11例,其中新涂阳为6例。患者以男性为主(13例),男性患病率为21.29/10万(13/61 055),明显高于女性(6.71/10万,4/59 582),两者间差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.549,P=0.049);55~65岁年龄组患病率最高(38.68/10万,8/20 681),55岁及以上人群患病率为29.64/10万(11/37 113),明显高于0~55岁人群患病率(7.18/10万,6/83 524),两者间差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.196,P=0.004)。结论基线调查结果显示闵行区结核病疫情相对较低,患者以男性为主,老年人患病率较高。
Objective To understand the prevalence and characteristics of tuberculosis in Minhang District and to establish a cohort of observers to provide a scientific basis for establishing and validating the early warning mode of tuberculosis. Methods According to the “Eleventh Five-Year” Major Program of Infectious Diseases “Research on Early Warning Model of Tuberculosis ”, a prospective field epidemiological study was conducted. Xinzhuang Town was chosen as the site of implementation and a cluster sampling method was adopted. 121 898 inhabitants of the household population were investigated. The epidemiological characteristics of suspicious TB patients and tuberculosis patients were analyzed. The prevalence of different groups of people was tested by Chi-square test. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 120 637 residents (61 055 males and 59 582 females) of household registration were surveyed in Xinzhuang Town. The check-up rate was 98.97% (120 637/121 898). There were 551 suspicious TB cases (194 suspicious symptoms, 357 cases of previous history of tuberculosis), 16 cases of tuberculosis are now suffering from suspicious cases were further diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis in 1 case. The prevalence of tuberculosis in Xinzhuang Town was 14.09 / 100000 (17/120 637), 11 cases of smear-positive patients, including 6 cases of new smear positive. The majority of patients were male (13 cases), with a prevalence rate of 21.29 / lakh (13/61 055) in males, which was significantly higher than that in females (6.71 / 100000, 4/59 582) (χ2 = 4.549, P = 0.049). The highest prevalence rate in the age group of 55-65 years (38.68 / 100000, 8/20681) and the prevalence rate in the population aged 55 and above was 29.64 / 100000 ) Was significantly higher than the prevalence rate of the population aged 0-55 (7.18 / 100,000, 6 / 83,524), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 9.196, P = 0.004). Conclusions The baseline survey results show that the prevalence of tuberculosis in Minhang District is relatively low, mainly male, with a higher prevalence in the elderly.