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目的分析冠心病老年患者呼吸道感染的病原菌及其耐药情况,以指导临床用药。方法选取2013年3月-2015年1月住院的冠心病患者送检的痰液及支气管灌洗液标本进行检测。结果 1 291例冠心病患者中发生呼吸道感染124例,发生率为9.6%,病原菌分布以革兰阴性菌为主,占52.42%,革兰阳性菌占35.48%,真菌占12.1%。革兰阴性菌对氨苄西林、头孢呋辛、头孢曲松、阿米卡星、头孢他啶、环丙沙星、庆大霉素具有较高的耐药性。革兰阳性菌对红霉素、青霉素G、阿莫西林、氯洁霉素的耐药性最高。结论老年冠心病患者呼吸道感染的病原菌以革兰阴性菌占多数,抗生素耐药明显,临床应合理使用抗菌药物,避免细菌耐药发生。
Objective To analyze the pathogens and drug resistance of respiratory tract infection in elderly patients with coronary heart disease to guide the clinical medication. Methods Samples of sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease from March 2013 to January 2015 were selected for detection. Results A total of 124 cases of respiratory infections were found in 1 291 CHD patients, with a prevalence of 9.6%. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 52.42%. Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 35.48% and fungi accounted for 12.1%. Gram-negative bacteria ampicillin, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, amikacin, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin with high resistance. Gram-positive bacteria to erythromycin, penicillin G, amoxicillin, clindamycin highest resistance. Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria account for the majority of pathogenic bacteria in elderly patients with coronary heart disease, antibiotic resistance is obvious, and antibiotics should be used reasonably to avoid bacterial resistance.