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一、引言“惰性电子对效应”首先是由英国化学家N.V.Sidgwick提出来的。Sidgwick认为,较重元素的高价氧化态不稳定是由于d(和f)亚层电子的屏蔽效应较弱,3层电子的钻穿效应较强的结果。随后不少学者对此也进行了研究。F.A.Cotton认为对此不能单纯用电离能来解释,氧化态的相对稳定性必须还受其它因素的影响,例如共价化合物的激发能和键能以及离子化合物的晶格能。文献[3]也对此作了较详
I. Introduction “Inert electron pair effect” was first proposed by British chemist N.V.Sidgwick. Sidgwick argues that the instability of higher valent oxidation states for the heavier elements is due to the weaker shielding effect of the d (and f) sublayer electrons and the stronger penetration through the three-layer electrons. Subsequently, many scholars have also studied this. F. A. Cotton believes that this can not be explained solely by ionization energy. The relative stability of the oxidation state must also be influenced by other factors such as the excited and bond energies of the covalent compounds and the lattice energy of the ionic compounds. Literature [3] also made a more detailed