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研究了由3个梁焊接而成的三角形系统构成的二维单元的热膨胀和压缩特性,与每个梁相比,该三角形构件具有不同的性质(热膨胀和弹性模量)。结果表明:当三角形构件的底边热膨胀大于两侧边时,这种三角形系统可在一维方向上显示负热膨胀(即当三角形梁以楔形结构形成时,会产生三角形缩短效应)和负压缩特性。更引起人们兴趣的是:线热膨胀特性与三角形构件的底边和侧边材料的相对刚性(弹性模量)有关。压力变化对这种构件存在影响。与侧边梁刚性相比,构件的线性压缩率变化与底边梁刚性存在主要关系。
The thermal expansion and compression characteristics of a two-dimensional element consisting of a triangular system of three beams welded are studied, which have different properties (thermal expansion and elastic modulus) compared to each beam. The results show that the triangular system can exhibit negative thermal expansion in one dimension when the bottom edge of the triangular member is larger than the two sides (ie, the triangle shortening effect when the triangular beam is formed in the wedge shape) and the negative compression characteristic . More intriguing is the fact that the linear thermal expansion characteristics are related to the relative stiffness (modulus of elasticity) of the base and side materials of the triangular member. Pressure changes have an impact on this component. Compared with the rigidity of the side girder, the linear compressibility of the member has a main relationship with the rigidity of the bottom girder.