壁画与环境刘青砚壁画是人类最早的艺术形式。早在原始社会，如法国考那克洞窟壁画，西班牙北部的阿尔塔米拉洞窟壁画，萨哈拉沙漠的岩画，我国江苏连云港、广西花山等处的摩崖壁画等等，这些壁画的手段大都或涂抹或镌刻，使用的颜料是自然氧化的赤铁矿石和动物油脂经火烧... Mural and Environment Liu Qingyan Mural is the earliest human form of art. As early as in primitive society, such as the frescoes in the caves of Kaunac in France, the frescoes in the Altamira caves in northern Spain, the rock paintings in the Sahara desert, the cliff murals in Lianyungang in Jiangsu, and Huashan in Guangxi, etc., most of these frescoes are either Smeared or engraved, the pigments used are naturally oxidized hematite and animal fats burned...