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背景:研究表明缺血可通过侧支循环的建立和血管的新生得到代偿,运动训练可以改善患者缺血下肢血液供应,但运动是否能够促进侧支循环的建立至今少有报道。目的:探讨运动训练促进大鼠缺血下肢微血管生成的机制。方法:将SD大鼠随机分为运动训练组、模型组和假手术组。除假手术组外,其余组均建立大鼠左下肢缺血模型。建模1周后运动训练组大鼠跑步训练30min/d。模型组和假手术组均为日常活动。运动训练4周后取各组大鼠大腿内收肌组织块免疫组化检测微血管密度、血管内皮生长因子和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子的表达,同时取骨髓内皮祖细胞,检测其成血管生成能力。结果与结论:运动训练组内皮祖细胞、大鼠肌组织血管内皮生长因子、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子的表达和微血管密度均高于模型组和假手术组(P<0.01)。运动组骨髓内皮祖细胞的体外血管生成能力比假手术组及模型组增加(P<0.05)。结果提示下肢缺血刺激可以促进微血管新生,而运动训练可以增强该效应。
BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that ischemia can be compensated by the establishment of collateral circulation and the regeneration of blood vessels. Exercise training can improve blood supply of ischemic limbs in patients. However, little has been reported whether exercise can promote the establishment of collateral circulation. Objective: To investigate the mechanism of exercise training for promoting the development of ischemic lower limbs in rats. Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into exercise training group, model group and sham operation group. In addition to sham operation group, the other groups were established left lumbar ischemia model. One week after modeling, exercise training group rats ran for 30min / d. Model group and sham operation group were daily activities. After 4 weeks of exercise training, the adductor myoblasts of rats in each group were harvested for immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of microvessel density, vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. Meanwhile, bone marrow endothelial progenitor cells were harvested for detection of angiogenesis ability. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression of endothelial cell growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor and microvessel density of endothelial progenitor cells and rat muscle in exercise training group were higher than those in model group and sham operation group (P <0.01). The in vitro angiogenic activity of the endothelial cells was increased in the exercise group compared with the sham group and the model group (P <0.05). The results suggest that ischemic stimulation of the lower limbs can promote microangiogenesis, while exercise training can enhance this effect.