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[目的]客观分析汶川大地震后中、小学生的创伤后应激障碍(Post-traumatic Stress Disorder,PTSD)的影响因素,为地震后心理干预工作提供信息和依据。[方法]运用多水平模型对极重灾区45个中小学校的4282名中小学生的创伤后应激障碍的影响因素进行分析,采用SAS9.2统计软件的PROC MIXED过程分析实现。[结果]创伤后应激障碍筛查量表得分确实在学校水平存在聚集性;汶川大地震中、小学生PTSD的影响因素有:性别、年龄、是否有亲人朋友遇难、是否看到遗体和残肢、是否受伤、震前震后一起生活的人是否一样,前4个因素对PTSD症状得分的影响在学校水平上有差异。[结论]具有层次结构的心理研究资料运用多水平模型进行分析能得到更多的信息;不应忽视学校环境对灾区中小学生心理状况的影响。
[Objective] To objectively analyze the influencing factors of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among primary and secondary school students after Wenchuan Earthquake, and provide information and basis for post-earthquake psychological intervention. [Methods] The influential factors of PTSD in 4282 primary and secondary school students in 45 primary and secondary schools in the severely affected area were analyzed by using the multi-level model and analyzed by PROC MIXED process using SAS9.2 statistical software. [Results] The PTSD scale did accumulate at the school level. In the Wenchuan earthquake, the influencing factors of PTSD in pupils were gender, age, whether there were relatives or friends, whether the remains and residual limbs were seen , Whether it is injured or not, whether the people living together after the earthquake before the earthquake are the same, and the influence of the first 4 factors on the score of the PTSD symptom is different at the school level. [Conclusion] Hierarchical psychological research data can get more information by using multi-level model analysis. The influence of school environment on the psychological status of primary and secondary school students in disaster-hit areas should not be neglected.