论文部分内容阅读
于2008—2010年,在山西省临汾市尧都区半干旱、半湿润季风气候区,通过大田试验研究了玉米秸秆连续还田条件下灌水模式对冬小麦籽粒产量、干物质转移及水肥利用效率的影响.结果表明:浇越冬水可促进小麦分蘖;浇拔节水可提高分蘖成穗率,增加成穗数;浇孕穗水可促进穗部干物质积累,提高千粒重.浇2水时,推迟第2次浇水时期使叶片干物质转移量和穗粒数增加;浇2水比浇1水的肥料表观利用率高,可促进穗部干物质积累.越冬水灌水量和总灌水量对分蘖、穗部干物质积累的影响较小;拔节期或孕穗期增加灌水量则更有利于养分吸收及干物质积累与转移,提高籽粒水分利用效率,产量构成因素协调,增产效果明显.因此,确保越冬水可实现稳产,在越冬水基础上,拔节期增量灌水(900m3·hm-2)可满足冬小麦中后期生长发育的需要,提高籽粒水分利用效率,实现节水高产栽培.
In the semi-arid and semi-humid monsoon climate zone of Yaodu District, Linfen City, Shanxi Province from 2008 to 2010, the effects of irrigation patterns on the grain yield, dry matter transfer and water and fertilizer use efficiency of winter wheat under continuous maize straw returning were studied by field experiments The results showed that pouring winter water could promote the tillering of wheat and watering and watering could increase the rate of tillering to spike and increase the number of spikelets per spike, and the spike irrigation could promote the accumulation of dry matter in panicle and increase the 1000-grain weight. The amount of dry matter transferred and the number of grains per spike increased during watering period, and the apparent utilization rate of fertilizer was higher than that of watering 1, which could promote the accumulation of dry matter in panicle.The effects of watering amount of winter and total irrigation on tillering, The dry matter accumulation at the jointing stage or the booting stage is more beneficial to nutrient absorption and accumulation and transfer of dry matter, and to improve the water use efficiency of the grain and the coordination of the yield components, so the yield increase effect is obvious. Can achieve stable production. On the basis of wintering water, incremental irrigation (900m3 · hm-2) at jointing stage can meet the needs of mid-late growth and development of winter wheat and improve grain water use efficiency and achieve water-saving and high-yield cultivation.