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目的调查2 390例妇科门诊就诊人群中妇女人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)感染情况和核酸分型的分布特征。方法采用PCR-反向点杂交基因芯片技术,对2009年-2013年来本院门诊就诊的2 390例妇女宫颈脱落细胞进行HPV基因分型检测,并对HPV感染阳性高危型人群进行液基薄层细胞学(TCT)检查。结果 2 390例HPV标本中阳性538例,总阳性检出率为22.51%,在538例HPV阳性标本中,单一感染者为431例,占80.11%,2种亚型感染者92例,占17.10%,3种亚型感染者15例,占2.79%,无4种及以上亚型感染;高危型感染率为22.09%(528/2 390),低危型感染率为5.52%(132/2 390)。HPV亚型感染最常见依次为HPV52、HPV58、HPV16,该人群未检出HPV39、HPV45、HPV73、HPV83。各年龄段HPV感染率随着年龄的增长呈逐渐上升趋势;感染高危型HPV人群宫颈上皮内瘤变发生率为3.07%,癌变发生率为1.02%。结论本妇科门诊人群中HPV感染率较高,并以单一高危型为主,最常见的是HPV52、HPV58、HPV16;结合TCT检查,可早发现、早预防、早治疗宫颈病变及癌变。
Objective To investigate the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and nucleic acid typing in 2 390 gynecological outpatients. Methods HPV genotyping was performed on 2 390 cervical exfoliated cells from outpatient clinics in our hospital from 2009 to 2013 using PCR-reverse dot blot gene chip technology. HPV-positive high-risk groups were tested with liquid-based TLC Cytology (TCT) examination. Results Of the 2 390 HPV specimens, 538 were positive, with a total positive rate of 22.51%. Of the 538 HPV-positive specimens, 431 were single-infected, accounting for 80.11%, 92 of the two subtypes were infected, accounting for 17.10 %. There were 15 cases (2.79%) of the three subtypes and no subtypes of 4 or more infections. The prevalence of high-risk infection was 22.09% (528/2 390) and low-risk infection was 5.52% (132/2 390). HPV subtype infection most commonly followed by HPV52, HPV58, HPV16, the crowd did not detect HPV39, HPV45, HPV73, HPV83. The infection rate of HPV in all ages gradually increased with the increase of age. The incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia was 3.07% and the incidence of canceration was 1.02%. Conclusions The prevalence of HPV infection in gynecological outpatient population is high, with a single high-risk type, the most common is HPV52, HPV58, HPV16; combined with TCT examination, early detection, early prevention, early treatment of cervical lesions and cancer.