目的探讨肝细胞癌（ＨＣＣ）中ＥＢＶ与ＨＢＶ感染的相关性及ＥＢＶ与Ｐ５３蛋白表达的关系．方法采用原位杂交技术以地高辛标记的单链ｃＤＮＡ探针、生物素标记的双链ｃＤＮＡ探针及免疫组化ＳＰ法检测ＨＣＣ５９例（含癌旁肝组织）和９例肝硬变组织中高拷贝数ＥＢＥＲ１（ＥＢＶ编码的小ＲＮＡ）、ＨＢＶＤＮＡ和Ｐ５３蛋白．结果肝癌细胞核内ＥＢＥＲ１阳性率为２０３％，显著高于癌旁肝组织（Ｐ＜００１）．肝癌组织内ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性率为５９３％，ＥＢＶ存在与ＨＢＶ感染无明显相关性（Ｐ＞００５）．肝癌组织内Ｐ５３蛋白表达率为３３９％，Ｐ５３表达与ＥＢＥＲ１无显著关系（Ｐ＞００５）．结论肝癌细胞内ＥＢＶ感染与ＨＢＶ存在无明显关系，肝癌中Ｐ５３表达与ＥＢＥＲ１无关 Objective To investigate the relationship between EBV and HBV infection and the relationship between EBV and P53 protein expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods In situ hybridization was used to detect 59 cases of HCC (including paraneoplastic liver tissue) and 9 cases of cirrhosis of liver with digoxigenin-labeled single-stranded cDNA probe, biotin-labeled double-stranded cDNA probe and immunohistochemical SP method. Medium high copy number EBER  1 (EBV encoded small RNA), HBVDNA and P53 protein. Results The positive rate of EBER1 in hepatoma cells was 203%, which was significantly higher than that in the adjacent liver tissue (P<001). The positive rate of HBVDNA in HCC tissue was 59. 3%. There was no significant correlation between the presence of EBV and HBV infection (P>005). The expression rate of P53 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma was 33.9%. There was no significant relationship between P53 expression and EBER1 (P>005). Conclusion There is no significant relationship between EBV infection and the presence of HBV in HCC cells. The expression of P53 in HCC is not related to EBER1.