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2008年国际经济和金融危机以来,欧美各国制定了促进实体经济、扶植新兴产业发展的中长期规划,作为国家战略层面的复苏手段。它们认为,投资方向事关社会的未来,所以不能仅仅听从于市场力量,而必须由社会有意识地控制;要以长远规划的形式,由国家指导投资,在国家、区域和全球范围内驯服市场力量,但不是对市场进行彻底抑制。一、美国的产业规划美国“再工业化”战略旨在以孕育第四次工业革命支撑美国未来增长的实体经济。相应的政策
Since the international economic and financial crisis in 2008, the European and American countries have formulated mid-and-long term plans for promoting the real economy and supporting the development of new industries as a means of recovery at the national strategic level. They believe that the direction of investment is related to the future of the society and therefore can not be subordinated solely to market forces but must be consciously controlled by the society. In the form of long-term planning, the state should guide investment and tame market forces at the national, regional and global levels , But not a complete suppression of the market. I. Industrial Planning in the United States The U.S. “reindustrialization” strategy aims at supporting the real economy in the future growth of the United States with the fourth industrial revolution. The corresponding policy