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为了研究透壁式通风管-块石复合气冷路基的降温效果,针对年均气温约-3.5℃,平均风速2.5 m·s-1,主导风向为西北方向的高原环境条件开展室内模型试验,分析了单一块石气冷路基和透壁式通风管-块石复合气冷路基的孔隙空气对流速度、特征点地温变化过程以及模型整体温度场变化过程.结果表明:在透壁式通风管的疏导作用下,透壁式通风管与块石层的复合结构能够起到强化路基体对流的效果,复合路基块石孔隙中的空气流速比单一块石路基提高约20%,由此导致复合路基模型底部的降温幅度是单一块石路基模型的2.2倍.模型整体温度场表明,复合路基能够起到储存冷量、降低下伏多年冻土地温的作用.
In order to study the cooling effect of translucent ventilated pipe-rock composite air-cooled roadbed, aiming at the average annual temperature of about -3.5 ℃ and the average wind speed of 2.5 m · s-1, the indoor model test is conducted in the plateau with the dominant wind direction being the plateau in the northwest direction. The air convection velocity, the characteristic temperature change process and the whole temperature field changing process of the single rock air-cooled roadbed and translucent ventilating pipe-rock composite air-cooled roadbed were analyzed. The results show that in the transversal ventilating pipe Under the action of diversion, the composite structure of the ventilated pipe and the rock block can enhance the convection effect of the roadbed. The flow velocity of the air in the stone block of the composite subgrade is increased by about 20% compared with that of the single stone subgrade, The temperature drop at the bottom of the model is 2.2 times that of a single rock subgrade model.The overall temperature field indicates that the composite subgrade can store cold and reduce the ground temperature of the underlying permafrost.