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目的了解2013年夏季北京市售整鸡样品中分离的166株沙门菌耐药性及耐药机制。方法采用微量肉汤稀释法对166株沙门菌进行9类11种抗生素的耐药性检测,挑选头孢类耐药株进行超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)检测,并对环丙沙星和头孢噻肟双耐药株进行耐药机制分析。结果 94.6%(157/166)的沙门菌至少对一种抗生素耐药,多重耐药株占58.4%,对萘啶酸耐药率最高,为92.2%(153/166),其他依次为氨苄西林(48.8%)、氨苄西林-舒巴坦(44.0%)和四环素(44.0%)。共有27种耐药谱,常见的耐药谱为萘啶酸(n=46,29.3%)、萘啶酸-氨苄西林-氨苄西林/舒巴坦(n=28,17.8%)。47株头孢噻肟耐药株中有41株(87.2%)ESBLs阳性,其中有38株同时对环丙沙星耐药。这38株环丙沙星和头孢噻肟双耐药且ESBLs阳性的沙门菌中存在喹诺酮耐药决定区(QRDRs)、质粒介导喹诺酮耐药(PMQR)和ESBLs等耐药机制,37株测试菌株的GyrA的第83位、87位氨基酸和ParC的57位、80位氨基酸存在不同程度突变。38株测试菌株均检测到不同种类和数量的PMQR基因,如qnrB、qnrS、oqxAB和aac(6’)-Ib-cr等,部分基因存在突变。主要存在的β-内酰胺酶类型为CTX-M型(35株)、TEM型(20株)和OXA型(36株),未检测到SHV型和AmpC型。结论北京市售整鸡中沙门菌整体耐药水平较严重,需强化对肉鸡养殖、屠宰、运输、销售等环节中沙门菌耐药性监测,分析耐药机理及传递机制,同时注意临床感染治疗用药监管。
Objective To understand the drug resistance and mechanism of 166 Salmonella isolates isolated from the whole-sale chicken sample in Beijing in summer of 2013. Methods The antibiotic resistance of 166 strains of Salmonella isolated from 9 strains was detected by micro broth dilution method. The resistant strains of cephalosporins were selected for ESBLs detection. Ciprofloxacin And cefotaxime resistant strains resistant mechanism analysis. Results 94.6% (157/166) of Salmonella resistant to at least one antibiotic, with multiple drug-resistant strains accounting for 58.4%, nalidixic acid highest rate of 92.2% (153/166), followed by ampicillin (48.8%), ampicillin-sulbactam (44.0%) and tetracycline (44.0%). There were 27 kinds of resistance spectrum. The common resistance spectrum was nalidixic acid (n = 46,29.3%) and nalidixic acid-ampicillin-ampicillin / sulbactam (n = 28,17.8%). Of the 47 cefotaxime-resistant strains, 41 (87.2%) ESBLs were positive, of which 38 were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Among the 38 ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime-resistant and ESBLs-positive Salmonella isolates, there were quinolone-resistant determinative regions (QRDRs), plasmid-mediated resistance mechanisms such as quinolone resistance (PMQR) and ESBLs, Strain 83 GyrA, 87 amino acids and ParC 57, 80 amino acids varying degrees of mutation. Among the 38 tested strains, different types and numbers of PMQR genes such as qnrB, qnrS, oqxAB and aac (6 ’) - Ib-cr were detected, some of which were mutated. The main types of β-lactamase were CTX-M type (35 strains), TEM type (20 strains) and OXA type (36 strains). No SHV type and AmpC type were detected. Conclusion The overall resistance level of Salmonella in whole-sale chicken in Beijing is more serious. It is necessary to monitor the drug resistance of Salmonella in broiler breeding, slaughter, transportation and sales, analyze the mechanism and transmission mechanism of Salmonella, and pay attention to the treatment of clinical infection Drug regulation.